School of Santhis glossary Sanskrit to English
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A
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ABHAYAM: |
fearless |
ABHIMANA: |
egoism, identification
with the body |
ABHYASA: |
spiritual practice |
Adbhuta: |
wonder |
Adi
shakti: |
primal or supreme
power |
ADHIKARI: |
someone qualified |
ADHISHTHANA: |
substratum, support |
ADHYASA: |
superimposition
or false attribution of properties of one thing on another thing |
ADHYATMIC: |
spiritual |
ADHYAYANA: |
study |
ADVAITA: |
non-duality |
AGRAHYA: |
unknowable |
AGni: |
vedic sacred fire |
AHAmKARA: |
ego |
AHIMSA: |
non-injury in thought,
word and deed |
AISVARYA: |
divine powers |
AJARAM: |
without old age |
AjÑa
chakra: |
the third eye center |
ALABDHABHUMIKATVA: |
feeling of it is
impossible to see reality |
ALASYA: |
laziness |
AMARA: |
immortal |
AMARA-PURUSHA: |
immortal being |
AMRITAM: |
immortal |
AMRITA
nadi: |
the immortal nadi |
ANADI: |
beginningless |
ANAHATA: |
mystic sound heard
by yogis |
ANANDA: |
bliss, happiness,
joy |
ANANDA-GHANA: |
cloud of bliss |
ANANDA-SVARUPA: |
the form of bliss |
ANANDAMAYA: |
full of great happiness |
ANANTAM: |
infinity |
ANna: |
food |
ANTAHKARANA: |
internal instrument
such as mind, intellect, ego and the subconscious mind |
ANTARATMAN: |
inner Self |
ANTARYAMIN: |
inner witness |
ANUBHAVA: |
experience |
APanA: |
one of the five
main pranas |
APTA: |
realized |
ARHATA: |
a perfected soul |
ASAMPRAJNATA: |
highest superconscious
state where the mind is completely annihilated and reality experienced |
ASANA: |
posture |
ASHRAM: |
hermitage, monastery |
ASHTANGA: |
eight limbs |
ASURIC: |
demoniacal |
ATMA-JNANA: |
knowledge of the
self |
ATMA-SVARUP: |
the essential nature
of the self |
ATMAN: |
the self |
AVARANA: |
veil of ignorance |
AVIDYA: |
ignorance |
AYURVEDA: |
the ancient Indian
science of medicine |
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B
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BENARES: |
holy pilgrimage
centre of Hindus, now called Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, India |
BHAGAVAD-GITA: |
scriptures containing
Lord Krishna's teachings |
BHAGAVATA: |
name of a Purana |
BHAJAN: |
devotional song |
BHAKTA: |
devotee of God |
BHAKTI: |
devotion, divine
love |
BHARATAVARSHA: |
India |
BHAVA(NA): |
feeling, mental
attitude |
BHAYANAKA-SABDA |
fear inducing
sound |
BHOGI: |
enjoyer |
BHUMA: |
the unconditioned,
the great infinite Brahman |
BHUTA-SIDDHI: |
A psychic power by
which mastery is gained over the elements |
Bindu: |
point, the supreme
truth, the seed of all manifestations |
BODHISATTVA: |
compassionate,
concern for others welfare, someone who devotes his life to help
all beings |
BRAHMA-CHINTANA: |
constant thinking of
Brahman |
BRAHMA-JNANA: |
direct Knowledge
of Brahman |
BRAHMA-NISHTHA: |
someone established
in the knowledge of Brahman |
BRAHMA-SROTRI: |
someone with knowledge
of the Vedas and the Upanishads |
BRAHMA-SUTRAS: |
classical vedantic
scripture |
BRAHMA-TEJAS: |
spiritual halo |
BRAHMA-VIDYA: |
science of Brahman,
knowledge of Brahman, learning pertaining to Brahman or the absolute
reality |
BRAHMACHARYA: |
practice of celibacy,
purity in thought, word and deed |
BRAHMAMUHURTA: |
the time between 4
am - 6 am |
BRAHMAN: |
the absolute reality;
God |
BRIHADARANYAKA: |
name of an Upanishad |
BUDDHA: |
someone who is totally
purified from all defilements and who has realized all that can be
known |
BUDDHI |
intellect |
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C
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CHAITANYA |
pure consciousness |
CHAKRAS |
energy centres in
the human body, each associated with a particular state of conciousness |
CHANDOGYA |
name of an Upanishad |
CHELA |
disciple |
CHIRANJIVI |
someone who has gained
eternal life |
CHIT |
truth |
CHITTA |
subconscious mind |
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D
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DAIVIC |
divine |
DAMA |
control of senses |
DARSHAN |
vision |
DAYA |
mercy |
DEHA |
body |
DEVAS |
celestial beings |
DEVAta |
devine form |
DHARANA |
concentration |
DHARMA |
code of conduct, living
as enjoined by the sacred scriptures, virtue |
DHYANA |
meditation |
DIVYA-DRISHTI |
divine perception |
DVESHA |
repulsion, dislike |
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E
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EKADASI |
eleventh day of
the Hindu lunar fortnight |
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G
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GANDHA |
river Ganges |
GAYATRI |
goddess, one of the
most sacred vedic mantras |
GITA |
sacred
script, Bhagavad-Gita |
GUNA |
qualities of energy,
positive attributes or virtues, the three gunas are
1. sattva - equanimity, balance, lightness
2. rajas - passion, activity
3. tamas - sloth, inertia
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GURU |
spiritual teacher, guide, preceptor |
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H
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HASYA: |
joy, humor |
HAVAN |
sacred oblations |
HIRANYAGARBHA |
cosmic intelligence,
cosmic mind, the supreme lord of the universe |
hrit |
heart |
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I
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ICHCHA |
omnipotence |
IDA |
lunar nadi |
INDRA |
the lord of gods,
the ruler of heaven |
INDRIYAS |
sense organs and
work organs |
ISHVARA |
lord, god |
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J
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JADA |
non-sentient |
JAPA |
individual soul,
repetition |
JIVA |
the individual
soul |
JNANA |
spiritual knowledge,
wisdom |
JNANA-INDRIYAS |
organs of knowledge
or perception |
JNANI |
wise person |
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K
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KAIVALYA: |
Emancipation, state
of absolute independence |
KARMA: |
actions operating
through the law of cause and effect |
KARMA-INDRIYAS: |
organs of action
- tongue, hands, feet, genital organ and anus |
KARMA-KANDI: |
one who observes
strictly the duties ordained in the scriptures |
KARMASRAYA: |
receptacle of actions |
KARUNA: |
sadness, compassion |
KASHAYA: |
hidden desires |
KIRTAN: |
singing devotional
songs |
KRIYA: |
type of exercise
in Hatha Yoga |
KSHAMA: |
forgiveness |
KUNDALINI: |
that which
is hidden, the power that is hidden under all material manifestation, the
spiritual cosmic energy located in the individual |
KUNDAm: |
pond, cave and hidden |
KUTIR: |
small cottage, hut |
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L
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LAYA: |
merging, dissolution |
LINGA-SARIRA: |
subtle body, astral
body |
LOBHA: |
greed |
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M
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MAHA: |
great |
MAHABHARATA: |
hindu epic |
MAHANT: |
great sage |
MAHAPURUSHA: |
a great soul |
MAHARISHI: |
great sage |
MAHASAMADHI: |
the departure
of a Self-realized saint from his mortal coil |
MAHATMA: |
great soul |
MAITRI: |
friendship |
MANAS: |
mind |
MANONASA: |
destruction of
mind |
MANTRA: |
sacred syllable
or word, or set of words through the repetition and reflection of
which one attains perfection |
MAYA: |
the illusive
power of God. |
MOHA: |
infatuation |
MOKSHA: |
liberation |
MOUNA: |
vow of silence |
MOUNI: |
one who observes
silence |
MUKTI: |
liberation |
MUMUKSHU: |
one who aspires
after moksha or liberation |
MUNI: |
ascetic |
MURTI: |
idol |
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N
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NADA: |
mystic sound |
NIRODHA: |
control or restraint |
NIRVANA: |
liberation; final emancipation |
NIRVIKALPA-SAMADHI: |
superconscious state
where there is no modification of the mind or Triputi |
NITYA-SIDDHA: |
liberated soul of marvellous
powers who is ever present on the astral plane |
NIVRITTI: |
renunciation |
NIYAMA: |
second step in
Raja Yoga, observance - purity, contentment, austerities, etc |
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O
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OJAS: |
spiritual energy |
OM: |
sacred monosyllable
symbolizes Brahman |
OORDHVARETA: |
Yogi who has stored
up the seminal energy in the brain after sublimating the same into
spiritual energy |
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P
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PARIVRAJAKA: |
wandering monk |
PARAM-DHAMA: |
supreme abode |
PARAMAHAMSA: |
highest class of
sannyasins |
PASU-SVABHAVA: |
animal nature; bestial
nature |
PATANJALI: |
the author of
Yoga-Sutras |
PRAKRITI: |
Mother Nature, causal
matter |
PRANA: |
vital energy;
life-breath |
PRANAVA: |
the sacred monosyllable
Om |
PRANAYAMA: |
practice of breath-control |
PRATYAHARA: |
abstraction of
senses; fifth step in Raja Yoga |
PREMA: |
divine love |
PRITHVI: |
earth |
PURANA: |
hindu myths and
legends |
PURNA-JNANI: |
full-blown sage |
PURNA-YOGI: |
full-blown yogi |
PURUSHA: |
Supreme Being |
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R
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RAGA: |
attachment |
RAJA: |
king |
RAJAS: |
one of the three
qualities of Prakriti which generates passion and restlessness |
RAJA-YOGA: |
a system of Yoga
generally taken to be the one propounded by Patanjali Maharishi |
RAJASUYA-YAJNA: |
a sacrifice performed
by a monarch as a mark of his subduing all other kings |
RAMAYANA: |
holy narative of Lord
Rama |
RASA: |
taste |
RASASVADA: |
tasting the bliss of
lower samadhi |
Raudra: |
anger |
RISHI: |
sage |
RISHIKESH: |
sacred place in the
Himalayas
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RUPA: |
form |
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S
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SADHAKA: |
spiritual aspirant |
SADHANA: |
spiritual practice |
SADHU: |
pious man, sannyasin |
SAGARA: |
ocean |
SAHASRANAMA: |
the thousand names
of the Lord |
SAKSHI: |
witness |
SAKTI: |
power, the feminine
aspect of divinity |
SAKTI-SANCHAR: |
transference of power
by a developed Yogi |
SAMA: |
serenity, control
of mind |
SAMADHI: |
oneness, the state
of superconsciousness where absoluteness is experienced attended
with all-knowledge and joy. |
SAMSARA: |
the process of worldly
life |
SAMSKARAS: |
impressions in the
subconscious mind |
SAMYAMA: |
perfect restraint,
an all-complete condition of balance and repose, concentration, meditation
and Samadhi |
SANKARA: |
well known teacher
of Vedanta philosophy |
SANKIRTAN: |
singing of divine songs |
SANNYASINS: |
someone who have embraced
the life of complete renunciation |
SanthI: |
peace |
SATCHIDANANDA: |
sat - existence
chid - knowledge
ananda - bliss |
SATSANG: |
association with the
wise |
SATTVA: |
purity - one of the
three qualities of nature |
SATYAm: |
truth |
SATYA-YUGA: |
the age of truth, the
first of the four Hindu time cycles |
SHABDA: |
sound |
SHAktipath: |
transmission of spiritual
energy |
SHAntA: |
calmness |
SHringarA: |
love |
SIDDHI: |
psychic power |
SIVA: |
Lord Siva - bestower
of auspiciousness on his devotees |
SLOKA: |
hymn, verse of praise |
SOmA: |
nectar |
SPARShA: |
touch |
SRADDHA: |
faith |
SRI: |
auspiciousness, putting
sri before a name means the person is qualified and done as a mark
of courtesy and auspiciousness |
STOTRA: |
hymn |
SUDDHA: |
pure |
SUKHA: |
happiness |
SUSHUMNA: |
the main astral
tube in the human body running inside the spinal column |
SUTRA: |
aphorism |
SVADHYAYA: |
study of scriptures |
SVARUPA: |
essential nature, reality |
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T
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TAMAS: |
the third of the three
gunas the qualities of nature generating inertia, laziness,
dullness and infatuation |
TAmAsik: |
sloth, inertia, darkness |
TANMATRA: |
priciple, only that,
subtle,
undifferentiated root elements of matter |
TANMATRAs: |
pure essences, principles,
pure frequencies |
TANTRA: |
expanded conciousness |
TAPAS: |
austerity |
TAPASCHARYA: |
practice of austerity |
TATTVA: |
element, essence, principle |
TATTVAs: |
eternal verities |
TEHSILDAR: |
revenue officer |
TRIPUTI: |
the triadseer, sight
and seen |
TRISHNA: |
sensehankering |
TURIYA: |
the state of superconsciousness,
the fourth state transcending the waking, dreaming and deep sleep
states, nondual, transcendental consciousness |
TYAGA: |
renunciation of egoism,
desires and the world |
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U
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UDDALAKA: |
great sage of yore |
UPADESA: |
spiritual advice |
UPANISHADS: |
revelation, scriptures
dealing with the ultimate truth and its realization |
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V
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VAhanA: |
carrier, vehicle |
VAIRAGYA: |
dispassion |
VASANA-KSHYA: |
desireless |
VASANAS: |
subtle desires |
VASTU: |
article |
vayu: |
air |
VEDANTA: |
school of hindu
thoughts, based on the Upanishads |
VEDANTIN: |
someone following
the path of Vedant |
VEDAS: |
the most ancient authentic
scripture of the hindus, a revealed scripture and therefore free
from imperfections |
vedic: |
of the Veda, of the
sacred teachings |
VEERYA: |
courage, seminal energy |
VETTA: |
knower |
VibhatsaA: |
disgust |
VICHARA: |
enquiry into the nature
of the self, truth, absolute, brahman |
vidya: |
knowledge |
VIGRAHA: |
attack |
VIKSHEPA: |
the tossing of mind |
VISHAYA: |
sense-objects |
VIVEKA: |
discrimination |
VRITTI: |
mental modifications,
qualities, waves
in the mind |
VYAVAHARA: |
worldly activity |
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Y
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YAJNAVALKYA: |
great sage of yore |
YAMA: |
first step in raja
yoga, eternal vows, non-violence, truthfulness, |
Yantra: |
pattern, shape, form |
YOGA: |
to unite, to join,
to attach, union with the
supreme being, the union of all aspects of an individual - body,
mid and soul |
YOGI: |
practitioner of yoga,
yoga adept, someone established in yoga |
YONI: |
female source |
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